研究 Who benefits from the 2022 student debt cancellation?

2022年8月24日 拜登政府宣布 it would cancel up to $20,000 of federal student debt for certain borrowers. Borrowers with incomes less than $125,000元或250元,000 for joint filers are eligible for cancellation. 在某个时候获得佩尔助学金的借款人有资格取消最高20美元的债务,000, and all other borrowers are eligible to have $10,000年取消了.

We use administrative 追逐 banking and credit bureau data on 200,根据家庭收入和借款人的种族和民族来估计这项取消计划的好处是如何分配的.¹

我们发现:

1. 最多有34%的债务有资格被取消，即总额为1亿美元中的5490亿美元.62 trillion in outstanding federal debt.
2. 对于收入最高的40%的家庭(超过76美元)来说，每取消一美元,000), households in the bottom 40 percent (less than $52,000)收到$0.68. This assumes all borrowers between $125,000元及250元,000的收入是双重申报者, which our data suggest is true for the vast majority of borrowers in this income range. If we assume instead that all borrowers in this range are single filers, then lower-income households receive $1.22 in cancellation for every dollar received by higher income households.²

Figure 1: Higher income households receive slightly more cancellation dollars, but lower income households are more likely to have their debt fully cancelled.

3. Lower income households are more likely to have their debt fully cancelled, 主要是因为相对于高收入家庭，低收入家庭往往持有较少的债务.
4. 所有收入群体取消的平均债务在8,800美元到10,000美元之间(参见图2)。. Lower income households are slightly more likely to have been Pell recipients, but less likely to have outstanding debt larger than $10,000.

Figure 2: 平均债务被取消 among those receiving cancellation is between $9,000元及10元,在不同的收入范围内增加了000美元, but relatively higher for 黑色的 households.

5. The average 黑色的 household with debt receives roughly $11,000元取消, while the average 拉美裔 and 白色 households receive $9,500美元和9美元,000, 分别.
6. 平均而言，黑人家庭从取消贷款中受益更多，因为黑人家庭的学生债务相对于他们在人口中所占的比例更多. The average 黑色的 household in the United States will receive 2.5 times as much cancellation as the average 白色 household (see Figure 3). 取消美元的分布大致遵循债务持有的分布(参见图4)。.

图3:黑人和西班牙裔家庭相对于他们的人口份额获得了更多的取消.

图4:按种族和民族分配的取消美元与每个群体持有的债务分配成正比.